Abstract: This study systematically investigates the effects of graphene on the nano-tribological properties of FeCoCrNiCu high-entropy alloy based on molecular dynamics simulations and nano-scratching tests. The results show that after graphene adsorption, a stable lubricating film can form at the interface, which disperses contact stress and suppresses dislocation activities, further reducing interfacial temperature rise and effectively decreasing friction. Among them, the model with four layers of adsorbed graphene exhibits the lowest friction coefficient, which is reduced by 68.66% compared to the model without graphene adsorption. The sample doped with 0.3wt.% graphene has the lowest friction force, reduced by 39.47% compared to the sample without graphene addition. The critical effect of the dual regulation of the number and content of graphene layers in the same system has been clarified. Graphene not only accelerates heat dissipation through its high thermal conductivity but also transforms the material deformation mode from plastic to elastic, significantly enhancing the wear resistance and interfacial stability of the alloy. This work provides insights into graphene-reinforced high-entropy alloys to improve nano-tribological performance and offers potential applications for high-performance coatings.