石墨添加对TiCrNiCuNb高熵合金涂层腐蚀磨损性能的影响

Effect of graphite addition on the corrosive wear performance of TiCrNiCuNb high-entropy alloy coating

  • 摘要: TC4钛合金石油钻杆在海洋环境中常面临海水腐蚀与机械磨损的交互作用,导致其使用寿命显著缩短。为解决这一问题,本研究采用激光熔覆技术,在TC4钛合金表面制备了石墨/TiCrNiCuNb高熵合金(HEA)复合涂层。通过系统分析涂层的显微组织、硬度、电化学腐蚀及腐蚀-磨损性能,发现石墨的添加除基体相FCC,同时促进碳化物和金属间化合物的原位生成,相较于TC4,涂层硬度最高提升了143.77%。在模拟海水环境中,含15at.%石墨的C2涂层表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能,Icorr低至0.93×10−7 A/cm2,Rs为1.95×106 Ω·cm2。在腐蚀-磨损耦合测试中,涂层表面形成的自修复钝化膜有效提升了其耐腐蚀磨损性能,C2涂层磨损率较基体降低了3个数量级。本研究结合了石墨的润滑特性、HEA的钝化作用及涂层中碳化物增强相,使涂层能够同时抵御机械磨损与化学侵蚀,为TC4钛合金在海洋装备、化工反应器等苛刻环境下的应用提供了新思路,并为耐磨耐蚀功能涂层的成分设计与结构优化提供了理论指导。

     

    Abstract: TC4 titanium alloy oil drill pipes often encounter the interactive effects of seawater corrosion and mechanical wear in marine environments, significantly shortening their service life. To address this issue, this study employed laser cladding technology to fabricate a graphite/TiCrNiCuNb high-entropy alloy (HEA) composite coating on the surface of TC4 titanium alloy. Through systematic analysis of the coating's microstructure, hardness, electrochemical corrosion, and corrosion-wear properties, it was found that the addition of graphite not only retained the base FCC phase but also promoted the in-situ formation of carbides and intermetallic compounds. Compared with TC4, the coating's hardness was increased by up to 143.77%. In a simulated seawater environment, the C2 coating containing 15at.% graphite exhibited excellent corrosion resistance, with an Icorr as low as 0.93×10−7 A/cm2 and an Rs of 1.95×106 Ω·cm2. During corrosion-wear coupling tests, the self-healing passive film formed on the coating surface effectively enhanced its corrosion-wear resistance. The wear rate of the C2 coating was reduced by three orders of magnitude compared to the substrate. This study combines the lubricating properties of graphite, the passivation effect of HEA, and the carbide reinforcement phase in the coating, enabling the coating to simultaneously resist mechanical wear and chemical corrosion. It provides new insights for the application of TC4 titanium alloy in harsh environments such as marine equipment and chemical reactors, and offers theoretical guidance for the composition design and structural optimization of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant functional coatings.

     

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