Abstract: By an optimization processing of alkaline treatment to improve the structure and properties of ramie fibers, and by introducing some additives into the cellulose acetate to improve its processability, a new kind of composite, ramie fiber reinforced cellulose acetate,was fabricated. The results show that the tensile strength,tensile modulus,toughness and surface adsorption ability of the ramie fiber can be improved when the ramie fiber is treated with NaOH,and that the shear strength and bend strength of ramie fiber reinforced cellulose acetate composites are modified.