反应熔渗-先驱体浸渍裂解制备Cf/SiC-ZrC复合材料的力学性能和烧蚀性能

Mechanical and ablation properties of Cf/SiC-ZrC composites prepared by Reactive Melt Infiltration combined with Precursor Infiltration and Pyrolysis

  • 摘要: 高速飞行器的快速发展对抗烧蚀和高承载超高温陶瓷基复合材料提出了迫切需求,Cf/C-SiC-ZrC复合材料具有较好的承载能力和优异的抗氧化烧蚀性能,表现出巨大的应用潜力。先驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)与反应熔渗(RMI)复合工艺是提高Cf/C-SiC-ZrC复合材料制备效率、降低成本以及改善性能的有效途径。但在PIP-RMI工艺中,先PIP生成的陶瓷阻碍后续液态金属的浸渗与反应,降低复合材料的力学性能和抗烧蚀性能。本研究提出了先RMI(Si-Zr合金)再PIP(SiC先驱体)制备Cf/SiC-ZrC复合材料的新工艺,研究了其微观结构、组分分布、力学性能和抗氧化烧蚀性能。结果表明,随着PIP次数的增加,Cf/SiC-ZrC复合材料的力学性能显著提高,经3次PIP处理后拉伸强度达到197.0 MPa,压缩强度为228.3 MPa,弯曲强度为301.3 MPa,经2400℃氧乙炔火焰烧蚀100 s后,线烧蚀率和质量烧蚀率分别低至−3.04×10−3 mm·s−1和1.51×10−3 g·s−1,满足抗烧蚀和高承载的要求,展现出了广阔的应用前景。

     

    Abstract: The rapid development of high-speed aircraft has created an urgent demand for anti- ablation and high-load-bearing ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites. Cf/C-SiC-ZrC composites exhibit well load-bearing capacity and excellent oxidation and ablation resistance, demonstrating tremendous application potential. The precursor infiltration pyrolysis (PIP) combined with reactive melt infiltration (RMI) process is an effective way to improve the preparation efficiency, reduces the cost, and enhance the performance of Cf/C-SiC-ZrC composites. However, in the PIP-RMI process, the ceramics formed during the initial PIP procedure hinder the subsequent infiltration and reaction of the liquid metal, which reduced the mechanical and ablation properties of the composite. This work proposed a novel process for preparing Cf/SiC-ZrC composites through firstly applying RMI (Si-Zr alloy) followed by PIP (SiC precursor). The microstructure, composition distribution, mechanical properties, and ablation resistance of the composites were investigated. The mechanical properties of the Cf/SiC-ZrC composites significantly improve with the increase of PIP cycles, the tensile, compressive and flexural strength reaching 197.0 MPa, 228.3 MPa and 301.3 MPa, respectively, after 3 cycles. The linear and mass ablation rates of Cf/SiC-ZrC composites are only −3.04×10−3 mm·s−1 and 1.51×10−3 g·s−1, respectively, after ablated at 2400℃ for 100 s by oxy-acetylene flame, which meeting the requirements for anti-ablation and high load-bearing, and demonstrating broad application prospects.

     

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