Abstract: Microcapsule technology can enhance the anti-aging ability and self-healing efficiency of asphalt pavement. The urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) microcapsules/SBS modified asphalt was prepared by a high-speed shearing method, and the effects of UF microcapsule content on parameters such as viscosity, fatigue factor, rutting factor, stiffness modulus and creep rate of SBS modified asphalt were analyzed under different aging degrees. The fatigue-healing-fatigue (FHF) loading mode of a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) was used to quantify the self-healing index of UF microcapsule/SBS modified asphalt. Grey correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the correlation degree between the three major indexes, rheological properties and self-healing efficiency of UF microcapsule/SBS modified asphalt. The results show that the rupture of UF microcapsules after pressure aging vessel (PAV) releases rejuvenator, which improves the rheological properties of SBS modified asphalt, but the UF microcapsule/SBS modified asphalt does not meet the specification requirements at −24℃. The effects of different UF microcapsule dosages on the self-healing index of SBS modified asphalt are significant, and the self-healing index is the highest at a microcapsule dosage of 3wt%. Based on the polymer self-healing theory, a prediction model of the self-healing efficiency of UF microcapsule/SBS modified asphalt is established with healing temperature, healing time, and microcapsule content as parameters. Through K-means clustering analysis, creep rate, ductility, penetration, and softening point are identified as independent variables, and a linear correlation model for the self-healing efficiency of UF microcapsules/SBS-modified asphalt is established, providing references for the application and development of microcapsules in intelligent maintenance of asphalt pavements.