Abstract: Carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) has a wide range of applications in industries such as aerospace, automotive and medical due to its excellent mechanical and biological properties. However, most of these products are produced by thermoforming and injection molding processes, and there is a lack of CF/PEEK cutting-related research to meet the many challenges in the production of complex parts. In the CF/PEEK cutting process, the generation of cutting heat can easily lead to irreparable thermal damage at the machining interface. In this paper, a three-phase simulation model was established, which fused the relationship between the three phases, determined the random distribution of fibers, simulated the cutting process of CF/PEEK composites at different cutting speeds in liquid nitrogen low temperature environment, and analyzed the removal mechanism of CF/PEEK composites. The results show that the low temperature cutting of liquid nitrogen increases the hard brittleness of CF/PEEK material and increases the cutting force. Liquid nitrogen low-temperature cutting can effectively inhibit the debonding of the fiber matrix and the extraction of the fiber, and reduce the occurrence of defects on the machined surface.