Abstract: One dimensional nanoscale CeO₂ was prepared, and its specific surface area is larger than that of commercial available CeO₂ according to the analysis of scanning electron microscope. In order to prevent the aggregation of CeO₂ in fluorosilicone rubber (FSR), KH570 was used to modify the surface of CeO₂. Infrared spectrum, thermo-gravimetric and lipophilic degree test were employed to characterize the modification effect. The optimized modification conditions were obtained via orthogonal tests. The unmodified and modified CeO₂, as the heat resistant agents, were respectively added into FSR. CeO₂/FSR composites show remarkable heat resistance effects. Compared with the blank control, the tensile strength of CeO₂/FSR composites increases by 48%, and breaking elongation increases by 36%. Meanwhile, the modified CeO₂ could be well dispersed in FSR and has less effect on the virgin performance of FSR.